Writing for the English Major Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Composing for the English Major - Essay Example For the creator, lying is an ordinary thing: a piece of life in a manner of speaking, as we don't advise gruff facts to everybody to keep up right social structures and to forestall negative emotions that can penetrate seeing someone. Everyday welcome like â€Å"Howdy do?† and commonplace answers like â€Å"I’m fine† are viewed as falsehoods on the grounds that those are not legitimate answers, just as â€Å"silent lies† like not addressing inquiries to serve society, since it may offend . Individuals these days, he says don't put significance on lying as much as in the past, as per the creator. Dangerous Slope contentions happen when the contention proposes that one thing will prompt another. Elusive Slope is spoken to here in the situation where the woman submitted a quiet untruth, and that would prompt her nephew’s demise, proposing that quiet lies can really prompt passings. In that scene, there was a woman who was charged by the creator to have submitted a lie by â€Å"simply keeping still and hiding the truth† (Twain, 1885). She â€Å"lied† on the grounds that she would not like to inform the emergency clinic concerning the ineptitude of their medical caretaker, believing that she may offend of the attendant. In this manner, the attendant landed the position of dealing with the lady’s nephew, putting the nephew in danger in light of the ineptitude of the medical attendant. This is a misrepresentation. Initial, an untruth is a bogus articulation conveyed intentionally (Encarta, 2010). With this definition, in fact in this circumstance, nobody lied. This is on the grounds that the woman kept quiet. Obviously, her quietness implied contrastingly yet it was anything but a lie by any stretch of the imagination. It was intentional yet it never intended to trick individuals into accepting that the medical attendant was awkward. She realized that the attendant was clumsy, certain, however not informing individuals concerning it doesn't comprise to lying. Bogus Authority happens when the writer requests that the crowds concur with him just dependent on his declaration as an essayist.

Christopher Columbus Was a Murderer Essay -- Expository Exemplificatio

Christopher Columbus Was a Murderer The second Monday in October is commended across America as Columbus Day. It is a festival of the man who found America. In school, youngsters are instructed that Christopher Columbus was a national legend. In reality, the man was a killer. The facts demonstrate that he found a land that was obscure to the humanized world, yet in this disclosure, he deleted the locals occupying the land. With servitude, fighting, and uncaring acts, Christopher Columbus and the men who went with him totally crushed a people, a culture, and a land. These are not activities that ought to be proclaimed as brave. At the point when his musings and activities all through his journeys are thought of, one can see that Columbus was never conscious of the privileges of the locals he experienced. His first sight of what he named Indians was of a gathering of appealing, unclothed individuals. Hypothesis is that, to him, their bareness spoke to an absence of culture, customs, and religion (Wilford 159). Columbus considered this to be a chance to get the message out of God, while at the equivalent thinking about how they might be abused. He accepted that they would be anything but difficult to vanquish in light of the fact that they showed up helpless, simple to deceive on the grounds that they needed involvement with exchange, and a simple wellspring of benefit since they could be oppressed (Fernandez-Armesto 83). It clearly didn't become obvious Columbus to consider these individuals in any terms beside that of ace and slave. These musings were only a portending of what was to come. Indeed, even in Columbus' own letters one can see the presumption he had in asserting the islands he found. In a letter portraying his discoveries to his companion Luis de Santangel, he stated, And there I discovered a lot of islands fil... ...a by crossing the western seas. He kicked the bucket feeling a disappointment along these lines, not on account of the disaster he had brought to the Indians. His extraordinary achievement was the annihilation of a whole populace. How could that be gallant? Works Cited Casas, Bartolome de las. From the Very Brief Relation of the Devastation of the Indies. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym, et al. fifth ed. Vol. 1 New York: Norton, 1998. 16-18. Columbus, Christopher. From Letter to Luis de Santangel Regarding the First Voyage. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym, et al. fifth ed. Vol. 1 New York: Norton, 1998. 11-13. Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe. Columbus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991. Wilford, John Noble. The Mysterious History of Columbus: An Investigation of the Man, the Myth, the Legacy. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1991. Christopher Columbus Was a Murderer Essay - Expository Exemplificatio Christopher Columbus Was a Murderer The second Monday in October is praised across America as Columbus Day. It is a festival of the man who found America. In school, youngsters are trained that Christopher Columbus was a national legend. In reality, the man was a killer. The facts confirm that he found a land that was obscure to the acculturated world, yet in this disclosure, he deleted the locals occupying the land. With subjection, fighting, and insensitive acts, Christopher Columbus and the men who went with him totally wrecked a people, a culture, and a land. These are not activities that ought to be proclaimed as brave. At the point when his musings and activities all through his journeys are thought of, one can see that Columbus was never aware of the privileges of the locals he experienced. His first sight of what he named Indians was of a gathering of alluring, unclothed individuals. Hypothesis is that, to him, their exposure spoke to an absence of culture, customs, and religion (Wilford 159). Columbus considered this to be a chance to get the message out of God, while at the equivalent thinking about how they might be misused. He accepted that they would be anything but difficult to vanquish on the grounds that they showed up unprotected, simple to deceive on the grounds that they needed involvement with exchange, and a simple wellspring of benefit since they could be subjugated (Fernandez-Armesto 83). It clearly didn't become obvious Columbus to consider these individuals in any terms beside that of ace and slave. These considerations were just a foretelling of what was to come. Indeed, even in Columbus' own letters one can see the egotism he had in asserting the islands he found. In a letter depicting his discoveries to his companion Luis de Santangel, he stated, And there I discovered a lot of islands fil... ...a by crossing the western seas. He kicked the bucket feeling a disappointment along these lines, not due to the disaster he had brought to the Indians. His extraordinary achievement was the annihilation of a whole populace. How could that be courageous? Works Cited Casas, Bartolome de las. From the Very Brief Relation of the Devastation of the Indies. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym, et al. fifth ed. Vol. 1 New York: Norton, 1998. 16-18. Columbus, Christopher. From Letter to Luis de Santangel Regarding the First Voyage. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym, et al. fifth ed. Vol. 1 New York: Norton, 1998. 11-13. Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe. Columbus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991. Wilford, John Noble. The Mysterious History of Columbus: An Investigation of the Man, the Myth, the Legacy. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1991.

Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Using Two Dopant

Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Using Two Dopant G T Yusuf, MA Raimi, O.E Alajeâ and AK Kazeem Theoretical The undoped ZnO, Al doped ZnO and Mg doped ZnO films were stored by a sol-gel turn covering strategy onto the glass substrates. 0.3M arrangement of zinc acetic acid derivation gets dried out weakened in methanol and deionized water (3:1) was readied. Equivalent amount of Aluminum chloride and tin chloride were added to every answer for fill in as dopants. The impact of Aluminum and Magnesium doping on the optical ZnO films was examined. The straightforwardness properties of every single flimsy film are more than 80 % at a noticeable frequency of (300-800 nm). The optical band hole of unadulterated ZnO slim film is 3.12ev while the band hole for Al-doped ZnO and Mg-doped movies are 3.16eV and 3.26eV individually. All film parameters changed with dopant types. The variety of optical band hole with doping is very much depicted by Bursteinâ€Moss impact. Catchphrases: Band hole; Doping; Films; Transmittance. Presentation In this Zinc oxide is an II-VI n-type semiconductor with band hole of roughly 3.3 eV at room temperature and a hexagonal wurtzite structure [1]. As of late, doped zinc oxide slim movies have been generally read for their application as leading terminal materials in level board shows or sun based gadgets. Dissimilar to the more usually utilized indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide is a non-harmful and economical material [1]. Moreover, unadulterated zinc oxide films are profoundly straightforward in the noticeable range (light frequency of 400-700 nm) and have high electrical conductivity. In any case, non-stoichiometric or debasement (Group III components or Group IV components) doped zinc oxide films have electrical conductivities just as high optical straightforward. Non-stoichiometric zinc oxide films have precarious electrical properties at high temperature in light of the fact that the sheet opposition of ZnO dainty movies increments under either oxygen chemisorptions and desorption [9] or heat treatment in vacuum or in surrounding oxygen pressure at 3000C-4000C [27]. Going to debasement doped ZnO slim movies, dissimilar to non-stoichiometric ZnO slight movies, polluting influence doped ZnO flimsy movies have stable electrical and optical properties. Among the zinc oxide films doped with bunch II components, for example, barium, aluminum, gallium and indium, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) dainty mo vies show the most reduced electrical resistivity [11]. Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) has a low resistivity of 2.4ãâ€"10-4 ÃŽ © cm [11-13], which is very like that of ITO films, which is about 1.2ãâ€"10-4 ÃŽ © cm [14-16] and AZO additionally shows great optical transmission in the noticeable and close to infrared (IR) areas. Hence, AZO movies have been utilized as straightforward leading terminals in sunlight based cells [16, 8]. Notwithstanding doping with Group III components, doping ZnO with Group IV components, for example, [9, 10] Ge, Sn, Ti, Si is additionally a decent method to acquire low resistivity straightforward materials so as to supplant ITO in light of the fact that Ge, Ti, Zr could substitute on the Zn particle site. For instance, Sn can fill in as a doubly ionized benefactor with the joining of SnO2 as a solute in ZnO and, thus, give a high electron bearer focus. It is, in this manner, expected that the Sn doped ZnO (SZO) will have a higher electrical conductivi ty and better field outflow properties contrasted and undoped ZnO [10]. An assortment of methods, for example, DC or RF magnetron faltering [2], electron bar dissipation [19,20], beat laser testimony [21], shower pyrolysis [22,23], substance fume statement [24] and solâ€gel handling [25â€34,5] have effectively been created to plan zinc oxide dainty movies. Among them, the solâ€gel turn covering technique is less difficult and financially savvy. Customarily, AZO movies arranged by this strategy follow the non-alkoxide course, utilizing metal salts, for example, acetic acid derivations, nitrates or chlorides as antecedent and dopant, individually. What's more, natural dissolvable, for example, methanol [20,21], ethanol [16], isopropanol [14], methoxyethanol [11], ethyl glycol and glycerol [10] are generally utilized by presenting monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) or tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) as stabilizer [10,11,30]. As of late, barely any investigations had provided details regarding the development of the ZnO dainty movies with various dopants utilizing sol gel turn covering strategy. Subsequently, the point of this exploration works anyway is to contemplate the optical and electrical properties of zinc oxide meager movies utilizing distinctive dopants with privately manufactured sol gel turn covering procedure. Exploratory The movies have been stored onto the glass substrates at 400  °C substrate temperature. 0.3M arrangement of zinc acetic acid derivation dries out weakened in methanol and deionized water (3:1) were arranged and partitioned into three bits. Aluminum chloride and tin chloride were added to every arrangement as dopants. A couple of drops of acidic corrosive were added to improve the lucidity of arrangement. The centralization of dopants (aluminum chloride AlCl3 ·6H2O, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate [Mg (NO3)2.6H2O and was 3% and saved consistent for all trials. The beginning arrangements were blended altogether with attractive stirrer and separated by WHATMAN channel paper. The arrangements were then turn covered on glass substrates which have been procleaned with cleanser and afterward in methanol and CH3)2CO for 10min each utilizing ELA 110277248E/2510E-MT ultrasonic cleaner and afterward cleaned with de ionized water and warmed on hot plate for 600C. The covering arrangements were dropped onto the glass substrate which was pivoted at 4000rpm 45 each by utilizing Ws-400 Bz †6NPP/AS turn coater. In the wake of saving by turn covering, the movies were then dried at 3000C for 15minutes in a heater to evapourate the dissolvable and expel natural residuals. The optical and electrical properties of the movies at each time were examined. The movies were then embedded into a cylinder heater and strengthened in air at 7500C for 1 hour each. The optical transmission and reflectance of the movies were analyzed by spectrophotometer extending from 400 to 1000nm. The transmittance T and reflectance R information was utilized to ascertain ingestion coefficients of the AZO movies at various frequencies. The connection between transmittance T, reflectance R, retention coefficient, ÃŽ ±, and thickness d of the film is given by condition (1). (1) The retention coefficient information was utilized to decide vitality band hole, Eg , utilizing condition (2). (2) Where is the photon vitality, A will be a steady subsequently, a plot of against is a bend line whose block on the vitality hub gives the vitality hole. The band vitality hole of the film was then dictated by extrapolating the direct areas on the vitality hub. The ingestion coefficient,, related with the solid retention locale of the film was determined from absorbance An and the film thickness, t, utilizing (3). (3) The termination coefficient, k, was assessed from (4) (4) Where the frequency of the occurrence radiation and, t is, is the thickness of the film. The gem period of the movies was controlled by X-beam diffraction (XRD). The refractive file of the movies was resolved from the maxima and minima of the reflectance bend. (5) Where n is the refractive list, d is the film thickness (nm), is the frequency (nm) of the episode light, and k is the impedance request (an odd number for maxima and even whole number for minima). Results The precious stone structure of ZnO films was explored through X-beam diffraction (XRD). The X-beam diffraction range of ZnO, Al-ZnO and Mg-ZnO film strengthened at 7500C with conspicuous reflection planes is appeared in figure 1.The tops in the XRD range compare to those of the ZnO designs from the JCPDS information (Powder Diffraction File, Card no: 36-1451) having hexagonal wurtzite structure with cross section constants a=3.24982ã… , c=5.20661ã… .The nearness of unmistakable pinnacles shows that the film is polycrystalline in nature. The cross section constants ‘a’ and ‘c’ of the Wurtzite structure of the movies were determined utilizing the relations (6) and (7). a= Ë ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å".î »/sin ÃŽ ¸(6) c= ÃŽ »/sin ÃŽ ¸(7) Figure 2 shows the optical transmittance spectra of ZnO, Al-ZnO and Mg-ZnO dainty movies in the frequency run between 300 to 800 nm. The straightforwardness properties of every single flimsy film are more than 80 % at a noticeable frequency of (300-800 nm). It is seen that the transmittance differs with dopant types for example aluminum and magnesium. The general spectra shows an outflow band with two clear pinnacles, where the principal top, the UV top which additionally called the discharge or close to band edge emanation added to the free exciton recombination [18]. The subsequent expansive pinnacle, otherwise called the green emanation relates to the recombination of a photon created gap with an electron in separately ionized [18]. Figure 1: X-beam diffraction designs for ZnO flimsy film for aluminum and magnesium dopants The optical absorbance range estimated inside the frequency scope of 300â€800 nm utilizing a Shimadzu Spectrophotometer is appeared in figure 3. Figure 2: Optical Transmittance of the movies for aluminum and magnesium dopants Around, the band hole adjustment of the slight film can be derived from Figure 3. Here, it clearly shows that adjustments in the assimilation edges are in corresponding with sorts of dopant in the slight film. So as to suitably gauge the optical band hole condition (2) was utilized. The nearness of a solitary slant in the plot recommends that the movies have direct and permitted change. It is likewise notable that ZnO is an immediate band-hole material [1] and the vitality hole (Eg) would thus be able to be evaluated by accepting direct progress between conduction band and valance groups. Hypothesis of optical retention gives the connection between the assimilation coefficients ÃŽ ± and the photon vitality hî ½ for direct permitted progress as appeared in (2) The immediate band hole decided utilizing this condition when straight part of the (ÃŽ ±hî ½)2 against hî ½ plot

Brave New World Essay Topics

Brave New World Essay TopicsCollege-bound high school seniors are invited to submit one of four essays to be featured in the new book 'Brave New World' by Aldous Huxley. This challenging and thought provoking book offers a unique examination of humanity through the eyes of a person that has lived his life on the edge.Aldous Huxley's Brave New World is a fictional novel that uses multiple essays to tell the story of a man, George Orwell, living in the society we have created for ourselves. Orwell is an author who turns down the offer to be a correspondent for the English Tribune. He instead creates a 1984-style society within his mind, where he can write down his thoughts on paper without censorship.When he arrives at the newspaper, he is asked to write a series of essays for the first edition of the paper. He does not see any problem with this and starts writing all of his opinions and knowledge about himself. The essays begin with a reading of his biography, his family, his childhoo d, his love of literature, politics, etc. Orwell begins to write all of these, and is a prolific writer in his own right.In a few hours he has written several thousand word documents in which he documents all of his knowledge. These essays are read by editors of the English Tribune and they become the basis for the new edition of the newspaper. But Orwell has a secret agenda.One day he is granted a place in the New World when he is given total control over the newspaper. He is given complete power to make the day-to-day decisions that affect the newspaper. He finds it amusing and takes full advantage of his new found power.The ideas in the Brave New World essay topics have an important effect on the young minds of today. They reflect what the new media world has made possible for the next generation. The generation that will be affected by what they are writing on paper.Aldous Huxley's book 'Brave New World' is one of the most famous books in history. It holds up a mirror to what is going on in our world today. This book will continue to be studied and discussed for years to come.

Diabetes, The Most Common Disorder Of The Endocrine And...

Throughout your life, many things change. From your style of clothes to the length of your hair. What also changes throughout your life is your health. Everyone experiences some sort of health issue in their lifetime that can affect them directly and indirectly. You could actually have a health related issue which can affect yourself and your loved ones in many different ways. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, Parkinson’s disease, chronic kidney disease, shingles, metastatic melanoma cancer are a few health issues that run in my family. Many of these issues are found on both my mom and dads’ side of the family meaning I could eventually end up with having some of them. If I can’t prevent them and I happen to get some of these diseases and illnesses, there are ways to treat them. Over time both of my grandparents on my dad’s side and mom’s side developed health issues. Starting with my dad’s side, both my grandparents had type 2 diabetes. 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Business Plan For An Organization - 994 Words

Buy-in To Change Employee buy-in is the process of getting commitment, understanding and action in support of organizational goals. Without buy-in organizations will fail if there is no efforts to implement the change. To obtain everyone’s support, higher management must involve lower management in supporting and implementing the change (Broder, 2013). The reason that brought about the change must be discussed and talk about the consequences of not implementing the change. Explain why everyone’s input is important, then brainstorm to get the input for cause and effect. Get commitment for the change as well as keeping the change fresh through discussion. Lastly celebrate any and all success through the implementation process. However,†¦show more content†¦Basically stated that law enforcement are merely a function of what they expect and what valence they assign to their various activities. 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Internet of Things for Sunshine Coast-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Network and Communication: Internet of Things for Sunshine Coast Council Smart Parking. Answer: Introduction Smart cities is a paradigm and reality that has been made possible by the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT); a necessity (smart cities) made urgent as people continue flocking towns and cities. Most cities are experiencing growth in population creating pressure on amenities and resources; however there is need for greater efficiency to accommodate increasing population pressure on cities. Smart cities use the IoT devices such as lights, sensors, and meters to collect data and then analyze this data. This data is then used by cities to improve services and amenities, as well as infrastructure and public utilities (Meola, 2016). One of the biggest challenges in modern cities is traffic and getting parking space. Presently, the Sunshine Coast Council uses the manual parking system where drivers have to drive around looking for parking. As part of its smart city initiative, the SCC intends to implement a smart parking system whose network backbone is the IoT infrastructure to be tes ted at the Sippy Downs Campus, and be scaled up and extended across all SCC building locations. This paper proposes two architectures of IoT to design a smart city parking system; the paper first discusses the infrastructure used, then the existing technologies solutions, before discussing the technologies for data processing and distributed storage. The two architectures are then compared and the designs discussed in the context of power use, initial cost, privacy and security, and ease of use Proposed IoT Architectures for a Smart parking System (SPS) This paper proposes the use of a fog architecture and a cloud architecture to design the smart city automatic car parking system, all based on the five layer protocol architecture (Marti?nez, Urraca, Quintia?n Corchado, 2017). In cloud based IoT architecture; the design is such that data processing is undertaken centrally by computers in the cloud. In this architecture, the cloud is at the center of the IoT system with applications lying above the cloud and below it are found the network of smart things. This architecture where the cloud is central is given primacy since it offers greater flexibility as well as scalability. The core infrastructure, software, platform, and storage services are provided by the cloud. Visualization tools, software tools, machine learning tools, and storage tools can be provided through the cloud (Hussain, 2017). Below is a diagram of the cloud based IoT architectur The other IoT system architecture this paper proposes is fog computing IoT architecture in which there are sensors and network gateways undertake part of the data processing and analysis (Buyya Vahid, 2016). The fog architecture is a layered design in which where monitoring, storage, processing, and security layers are inserted between the transport and physical layers of the network protocol. The fog network has a monitoring layer to monitor resources, power, services, and responses while a preprocessing layer undertakes processing, filtering, and analyzes sensor data. There is a temporary storage layer for offering storage functions such as data distribution, replication, and storage. The fog architecture also incorporates a security layer to undertake encryption and decryption for ensuring data integrity (Negash, Rahmani, Liljeberg Jantsch, 2018), (Velasquez, Abreu, Curado Monteiro, 2017). Preprocessing and monitoring in the fog IoT architecture are undertaken on the network ed ge before data is sent to the cloud. The diagram below shows a representation of the Fog IoT architectures Cloud Architecture IoT Automated Parking The smart parking system is proposed for the SCC (Sunshine Coast Council) for its smart city program to make parking more efficiency and improve access to these amenities by residents. The proposed IoT cloud based architecture uses Wireless Sensor networks (WSN) made up of radio frequency identification (RFID) for monitoring the car parks. Using RFID will allow scaling and large scale system implementation at a low cost, while minimizing wasted time and congestion as well as reducing disputes at the parking. The system will have an application for use by mobile devices and computers where users log in and select their preferred parking space in advance and then book it; the user gets a confirmation of the reserved space. The system then updates the chosen parking space as pending and other users will not be able to reserve it (Pham et al., 2015). The system monitors the space over a given time period, upon which it will be changed in real time to available. The system will have a ser ver based in the cloud to handle all processing, analysis, and storage as well as updating of information. The cloud based server is a web entity. The car park will have a local unit that has a control unit with RFID to authenticate and validate user information and open the parking entrance door. The system has a software client running on Android, Windows, and IOS operating systems; users will install this into their mobile devices and access the parking system, via 3 or 4 G. The car park will have a CPN (car park network) in which sensors connect and communicate through wireless radio; the CPN has routers that are self configuring so that the CPN is easily integrated to existing WSN via bridge/ gateway functionality in the routers. Every car park becomes a node in the CPN and every node has a neighbor for maintaining information on the network status and queue with fixed length (Giaffreda, Caga?n?ova?, Riggio Voisard, 2015). The architecture incorporates an application layer that consists of the application software from where the clients log in, search available parkings, and make a reservation through their mobile devices/ smart phones. Next, they must have Internet connectivity turned on to access the Internet using GSM SIM cards on their phones (or Wi-Fi) to access the cloud server. The cloud server receives data and information from the perception layer which has elements including RFID tags, and RFID antennae, RFID reader, Arduino to control gate/ door opening, an Ethernet shield for the Arduino, and a screen at the car park (optional) (Gaglio Lo, 2014). The sensors, through the WSN and CPN collect data, such as on number of parking slots and their location and feeds this via the transport layer of the mobile Internet protocol. Mobile devices can access the Internet through Wi-Fi (for example at the office) while devices will communicate via Zig bee using radio frequency (low power). All the data is stored, processed, analyzed, and updated via the cloud based server. This design is based on the LoRaWAN, (low power wide area network) in which the battery operated sensors have bi-directional operation and localiz ation services. Fog IoT infrastructure for Smart parking This is the second design where sensors and remote devices will undertake as much processing as possible (preprocessing), storage, analysis, and updating, before information is submitted to a central server from where end users can access the smart parking IoT application via an application that is usable on Android, IOS, and Windows devices that users download. The central server maintains information on available parking spaces at the Sippy Downs Campus parking spot. The design will also contain a raspberry Pi micro controller connected with a Pi-camera for image capture this captures images of the parking spots to validate parking slots. The system incorporates a navigation system to signal parking slot availability from the nearest location of the end user. A display monitor for the administrator side to modify parking slots through observation. Users will connect with the smart parking system using their mobile devices such as tablets or smart phones (Hersent, Boswarthick Ellou mi, 2012). The Pi camera is mounted strategically; on top of lamp posts on the street, ceilings at indoor sections of the parking, and at entrances and exits of the parking area. The I camera continuously checks the parking slot and updates parking space information. Each parking slot has control points that the Pi camera uses for reference. The central server is cloud based and is accessed through the HTTP protocol by the smart devices and the mobile devices. The parking system has a website constructed using JSON and the camera mounted with the raspberry micro-computer has an antennae and GSM SIM card incorporated for communication to the Internet. This system will use the Open IoT platform where all sensors are connected as a natural extension of the IoT; however, the sensors have some processing power, which makes them consume slightly more power. This architecture will also use the LoRaWAN technology for bi-directional communication (Sarkar, Chatterjee Misra, 2015). Fog IoT Architecture Compared to Cloud IoT Architecture In comparison, the Fog IoT architecture enabled edge computing where the burden on cloud computing is reduced by gathering huge amounts of data, services, workloads, and applications to the network edge, where sensors also undertake processing. Fog has the advantage of mobility, single hop client and server distance, low latency, very low delay jitters, and has server nodes at the edge of the network. The Fog IoT architecture enjoys awareness location, is more secure and can be defined, low vulnerability probability, can support a very large number of nodes, supports real time interactions, and can use wireless for last mile connectivity. The cloud based IoT architecture on the other hand, has server nodes located in the network, has multiple hops between client and server distance, high latency and high jitter, is less secure, lacks location awareness, and has vulnerability probability. Further, Cloud based IoT architecture has a centralized geographical distribution, supports real time interaction, uses a leased line for last mile connectivity, and has limited support for sensor mobility. However, the cloud IoT uses less power compared to the Fog IoT, though Fog is more expensive to implement than Cloud (Keramidas, Voros Hu?bner, 2017). References Buyya, R., Vahid, D. A. (2016). Internet of things: Principles and paradigms. Amsterdam : Morgan Kaufmann Gaglio, S., Lo, R. G. (2014). Advances onto the Internet of Things: How Ontologies Make the Internet of Things Meaningful. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Giaffreda, R., Caga?n?ova?, D., Li, Y., Riggio, R., Voisard, A. (2015). Internet of Things. IoT Infrastructures: First International Summit, IoT360 2014, Rome, Italy, October 27-28, 2014, Revised Selected Papers, Part II. Hersent, O., Boswarthick, D., Elloumi, O. (2012). The internet of things: Key applications and protocols. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley. Hussain, F. (2017). Internet of Things: Building blocks and business models. Cham, Switzerland : Springer Keramidas, G., Voros, N., Hu?bner, M. (2017). 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